What is the meaning of Solvable?

Capable of being solved.

Having terminating derived series; see Solvable group on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Having a Galois group which is solvable.

Having terminating derived series (this is a distinct notion from the derived series of a group); see Solvable Lie algebra on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Such that the set of inputs for which the answer is yes is recursively enumerable.

Capable of being dissolved or liquefied.

Able to pay one's debts.

Capable of being paid and discharged.

solvent

Source: wiktionary.org