What is the meaning of Ależ?

but

until

if not

unless

The meaning of this term is uncertain.

used to introduce a new, conflicting fact, but

used at the beginning of a sentence for emphasis

used at the beginning of a sentence; similar in meaning to the English "hey, not so fast", especially when used multiple times

that much, so, so much so; emphasizes the scale of a quality

only, merely

until

if not, unless

used at the beginning of a sentence for emphasis

Source: wiktionary.org